Article

Anti-Bacterial, Phytochemical Analysis and Blood Pressure Lowering Effects of Orange Flesh Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea Batatas L.)

Abstract

Aim; The use of natural or alternative medicines has increased markedly over the last few years. The practice started in Africa quite a while past before the disclosure of even chemotherapeutics. With time, the practice spread to Asian nations and different parts of the world. Over the previous century it has gotten more consideration from places like Europe and the United States of America and has been utilized all the more widely in treating different infirmities. In view of considering the efficacy of traditional medicines, this study aims at assessing the Phytochemical and Antibacterial property of fresh and fermented Ipomoea batatas L. against selected test microorganisms. Methods: The Antibacterial efficacy was tested using the agar-well diffusion technique. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the extracts were also determined. Phytochemical examination of the hot, cold and fermented extracts was also analyzed using standard methods. Results: Results obtained uncovered that the Antibacterial activities in cold extracts were more effective than the hot extract. Cold extracts of Ipomoea batatas L. tuber has Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli. Hot extracts (HE) of Ipomoea batatas L. bark have Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens. Cold extracts of Ipomoea batatas L. tuber was bactericidal for S. aureus at 900mg/ml and 450mg/ml, making 450mg/ml the MBC. CE of Ipomoea batatas L. bark, CE of Ipomoea batatas L. leaf, HE of Ipomoea batatas L. tuber and CE of Ipomoea batatas L. stem was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pyogenes respectively and all organisms came out resistant. The phytochemical analysis of the non-fermented sample uncovered the presence of saponins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, tannins, glycosides and phenol. The fermented Ipomoea batatas L. flour revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloid while the fermented juice revealed the presence of only alkaloid. It was likewise discovered that Ipomoea batatas L. stabilized the blood pressure and blood levels of people at Kpaduma town in Guzape. Conclusion: Ipomoea batatas L. contains phytochemicals, according to this study. The plant has antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes and Serretiamarcesens, indicating that it can be utilized as an antibacterial. In addition, Ipomoea batatas L. has been shown to be useful in the controlling of high blood pressure and blood sugar levels.

Keywords: OFSP- orange flesh sweet potato, staphylococcus, phytochemicals, antibacterial and blood pressure